This note assesses whether Bolsa-Familiaincreases the probability of starting a venture in Brazil bydecomposing its potential effects into three channels:wealth-constraint alleviation, insurance provision, andreduction of children's labor supply (through theeffect of the conditionality). Results are thatentrepreneurship is indeed stimulated by Bolsa-Familia inurban areas through the insurance and wealth-constraintalleviation effects, notwithstanding that new ventures aretypically secondary sources of income. The conditionalityseems not to impact the level of entrepreneurship. Hence,Bolsa-Familia might have a positive long-term effect aswell, instead of just offering short-term poverty relief.