Developing effective national monitoringand evaluation (M&E) systems and/or performancebudgeting initiatives requires well-defined formulation andimplementation strategies for setting up performanceindicators. These strategies vary depending on acountry's priority for measuring results and on thescope and pace of its performance management reformobjectives. Some countries have followed an incrementalmethod for developing indicators, that is, progressively, atstrategically selected programs/sectors (for example,Canada, the United Kingdom, and Colombia), while others havetaken a comprehensive, 'big bang' approach bydefining indicators for all existing programs and sectors atonce (for example, Mexico and the Republic of Korea). Inboth cases, countries need to continuously work on theirindicators to improve their quality and thus ensure thatindicators can meaningfully inform government processes.