In the 1990s a few multinationalsdominated the market for public-private partnership (PPP)contracts in water. Yet in recent year's wateroperators from developing countries have won most of the newPPP contracts for the management of water utilities incountries as diverse as Brazil, Cameroon, Chile, China,Colombia, India, Malaysia, and the Russian Federation. Whilethe size of the market served by large foreign operators hasremained stagnant since 2001, the population served byprivate operators from developing countries grew from 15million to more than 70 million, or 40 percent of themarket, by 2008. This big shift opens new perspectives onusing PPPs as a tool to reform water utilities in thedeveloping world.