This note provides lessons learned andrecommendations for artificial dams and barrier lakesfollowing an earthquake. In the case of artificial dams,emphasis has been placed on small, rural dams rather than onlarger, well-engineered dams because smaller dams representa higher hazard in China. That higher risk from smaller damsis also confirmed by international experience. Barrier lakesand their management are highlighted as they are formed as aspecific outcome of earthquakes. Key issues and lessonslearned from international experience are presented withreference to three case studies of relevant WorldBank-supported projects: Gujarat earthquake-dam safetyaspects; and the Armenia dam safety program. Briefdescriptions of these projects are provided in annexes atthe end of the note, and further information is available atthe request of the National Development and ReformCommission (NDRC).