Carbon accounting and labeling forproducts are new instruments of supply chain management thatmay affect developing country export opportunities. Mostinstruments in use today are private business managementtools, although the underlying science and methodologies mayspread to issues subject to public regulation. This noteseeks to inform stakeholders involved in the design ofcarbon labeling schemes and in the making of carbon emissionmeasurement methodologies about an overlooked issue: how cancarbon labeling are made to be both developments friendlyand scientifically correct in its representation ofdeveloping-country agricultural sectors? As a result of thepressures placed on designers and users of carbon accountingand labeling instruments, there is a risk that carbonaccounting and labeling instruments will not properlyrepresent the complexity of production systems in developing countries.