China : Air Pollution and Acid Rain Control - The Case of Shijiazhuang and the Changsha Triangle Area

World Bank

Washington, DC

关键词: ABATEMENT STRATEGIES;    ACID DEPOSITION;    ACID RAIN;    ACIDIFICATION;    ACIDS;   

RP-ID  :  ESM267

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

This study, and the associated technicalassistance project, has three main objectives. The first isto help localities in China address several questionsrelated to the planning, and implementation of SO2emissions, and acid rain control: What are the environmentalconsequences, specifically for localities of differentpollution control strategies, in terms of the impacts onhuman health, agricultural productivity, and other sectorsand activities? What are the relative costs of differentsulfur emission reduction plans? Will the proposedstrategies enable localities to meet the environmentaltargets set by the central government? The second objectiveis to assist with capacity building, and training in China.to enable cities and regions to carry out environmental, andeconomic analyses of sulfur emission impacts, and controlprograms. The third objective is to provide a forum fordiscussion with the central government, primarily the StateEnvironmental Protection Administration (SEPA), on theresults of the case studies, and the implications fornational policy with respect to sulfur control. This studyanalyzes China's national sulfur pollution controlprogram, looking at local implementation plans, and actionsfor reducing sulfur emissions in two municipalities-Shijiazhuang and Changsha. The city of Shijiazhuang in HebeiProvince was chosen for a case study on ambient SO2pollution control, representing a northern Chinese city,while the tri-city region of Changsha, Zhuzhou, and Xiangtanin Hunan Province, was chosen to represent a southern areaexperiencing serious levels of acid rain. The clear dividebetween northern and southern cities and regions, indicatethat emission control efforts in the north will benefit fromaccess to significant quantities of low sulfur coal, thelack of which in the south, will significantly increase thecost of sulfur emission control. Other findings suggest thatgaining a better scientific understanding of the impacts ofsulfur emissions, and improving estimates of the relativebenefits of different control options, are two importantpieces of information for leveraging local implementationefforts. While promoting policies with multiple benefits, isan effective way of cutting sulfur pollution withoutreliance on regulatory policies, or institutions.