For many children in Sub-Saharan Africa(SSA), primary school interventions are already too late toprevent irreversible disability or to allow for thedevelopment of full adult capacity. Many of the sameconditions of poverty that previously placed the under-fiveat risk of death later leave them at the risk of poorhealth, malnutrition and impaired mental, social andemotional development. This study, the condition of youngchildren in Sub-Saharan Africa: the convergence of health,nutrition, and early education, describes the condition ofyoung children in Africa and begins to explore strategies toaddress their condition. It is the first in a series ofthree studies: the second study is a review of Early ChildDevelopment (ECD) programs in SSA and the third willsynthesize lessons drawn from the preceding second studiesas well as country case studies in Kenya, South Africa, and Mauritius.