International Financial Corporation(IFC) and the World Bank have in recent years promoted theimplementation of credit bureaus as a way of improvingaccess to finance for both individuals and businesses. In2003, no such structure existed for consumer creditinformation in China. Not only was access to financingreduced, but the quality of the entire lending industry wasalso affected nonperforming loans represented a significantproportion of the portfolio, risk management practices wereweak, and loans were poorly monitored. However, as thissmart lesson describes, creating financial infrastructuresuch as a consumer credit bureau in large countries presentsa unique set of challenges.