Pathways Out of Poverty During an Economic Crisis : An Empirical Assessment of Rural Indonesia

McCulloch, Neil ; Weisbrod, Julian ; Timmer, C. Peter

World Bank, Washington, DC

关键词: AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES;    AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT;    AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT;    AGRICULTURAL GROWTH;    AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT;   

DOI  :  10.1596/1813-9450-4173
RP-ID  :  WPS4173

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

Most poor people in developing countriesstill live in rural areas and are primarily engaged in lowproductivity farming activities. Thus pathways out ofpoverty are likely to be strongly connected to productivityincreases in the rural economy, whether they are realized infarming, in rural nonfarm enterprises, or by way ofrural-urban migration. The authors use cross-sectional datafrom the Central Statistical Board for 1993 and 2002, aswell as a panel data set from the Indonesia Family LifeSurvey for 1993 and 2000, to show which pathways out ofpoverty were most successful over this period. The findingssuggest that increased engagement of farmers in ruralnonfarm enterprises is an important route out of ruralpoverty, but that most of the rural agricultural poor thatexit poverty still do so while remaining rural andagricultural. So changes in agricultural prices, wages, andproductivity still play a critical role in moving people outof poverty.