Internal Borders and Migration in India

Kone, Zovanga L. ; Liu, Maggie Y. ; Mattoo, Aaditya ; Ozden, Caglar ; Sharma, Siddharth

World Bank, Washington, DC

关键词: MIGRATION;    INTERNAL BORDERS;    RELOCATION;    MOBILITY;    ENTITLEMENTS;   

DOI  :  10.1596/1813-9450-8244
RP-ID  :  WPS8244

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

Internal mobility is a criticalcomponent of economic growth and development, as it enablesthe reallocation of labor to more productive opportunitiesacross sectors and regions. Using detaileddistrict-to-district migration data from the 2001 Census ofIndia, the paper highlights the role of state borders assignificant impediments to internal mobility. The analysisfinds that average migration between neighboring districtsin the same state is at least 50 percent larger thanneighboring districts on different sides of a state border,even after accounting for linguistic differences. Althoughthe impact of state borders differs by education, age, andreason for migration, it is always large and significant.The paper suggests that inter-state mobility is inhibited bystate-level entitlement schemes, ranging from access tosubsidized goods through the public distribution system tothe bias for states' own residents in access totertiary education and public sector employment.