The 2008 Joint Declaration onPost-Crisis Assessments and Recovery Planning envisions acommon platform for action for the European Union (EU), theUnited Nations (UN), and the World Bank. The most prominentresult was a shared methodology for post-disaster needsassessments (PDNAs) and post-conflict needs assessments(PCNAs), the latter of which has evolved over time into thepresent approach to recovery and peacebuilding assessments(RPBAs). The most recent review of this experience,completed in 2016 (Garrasi and Allen 2016), concluded thatthe host governments and the three partner institutions hadnot consistently followed up their assessments with coherentaction. The goal of this review was effectively to identifylessons learned on what works for implementation andfinancing. This paper is arranged as follows: Section 2discusses on How to assess the effectiveness andappropriateness of implementation and financingarrangements; Section 3 explains the contextual variablesthat shape what works, where, and why, drawing uponvariations between the case study countries; and Section 4gives the options and potential approaches for the RPBAprocess, governance and coordination, institutionalalignment and financing.