This report is organized into fivechapters. Chapter one provides an estimate of the relativeefficiency position of the Kyrgyz Republic based on itshealth outcomes and health expenditure. It is then analyzedto understand whether the sector is mostly in need ofadditional funding or needs to spend more effectively, or acombination of both. Chapter two derives the base fiscalspace scenario: what the health sector can hope for givenmacroeconomic projections, expectations of external funding,and options to reprioritize health in the budget. Theseoptions do not require any specific action short of someactive lobbying to drag more resources toward health overarguments that the country overall would gain by gettingmore. Chapter three examines potential new sources of fundsthrough feasibly and sustainably raising new domesticrevenues for health or sources of budgetary savings thatwill come from limiting financing responsibilities of thehealth sector. Reforms needed mostly involve the generalgovernment as they imply changes in taxes or benefits.