Traffic, Air Pollution, and Distributional Impacts in Dar es Salaam : A Spatial Analysis with New Satellite Data

Dasgupta, Susmita ; Wheeler, David ; Lall, Somik ; Wheeler, David

World Bank, Washington, DC

关键词: TRAFFIC CONGESTION;    AIR POLLUTION;    POLLUTION EXPOSURE;    VULNERABLE POPULATION;    SATELLITE MONITORING;   

DOI  :  10.1596/1813-9450-9185
RP-ID  :  WPS9185

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

Air pollution from vehicular traffic isa major source of health damage in urban areas. The problemsof urban traffic and pollution are essentially geographic,because their incidence and impacts depend on the spatialdistribution of economic activities, households, andtransport links. This paper uses satellite images toinvestigate the spatial dynamics of vehicle traffic, airpollution, and exposure of vulnerable residents in the Dares Salaam metro region of Tanzania. The results highlightsignificant impacts of seasonal weather (temperature,humidity, and wind-speed factors) on the spatialdistribution and intensity of air pollution from vehicleemissions. These effects on the metro region's airquality vary highly by area. During seasons when weatherfactors maximize pollution, the worst exposure occurs inareas along the wind path of high-traffic roadways. Theresearch identifies core areas where congestion reductionwould yield the greatest exposure reduction for children andthe elderly in poor households.