Maternal and Child Health Inequalities in Ethiopia

Ambel, Alemayehu ; Andrews, Colin ; Bakilana, Anne ; Foster, Elizabeth ; Khan, Qaiser ; Wang, Huihui

World Bank, Washington, DC

关键词: SANITATION;    CHILD HEALTH;    ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE;    RISKS;    HOUSEHOLD SIZE;   

DOI  :  10.1596/1813-9450-7508
RP-ID  :  WPS7508

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

Recent surveys show considerableprogress in maternal and child health in Ethiopia. Theimprovement has been in health outcomes and health servicescoverage. The study examines how different groups have faredin this progress. It tracked 11 health outcome indicatorsand health interventions related to Millennium DevelopmentGoals 1, 4, and 5. These are stunting, underweight, wasting,neonatal mortality, infant mortality, under-five mortality,measles vaccination, full immunization, modern contraceptiveuse by currently married women, antenatal care visits, andskilled birth attendance. The study explores trends ininequalities by household wealth status, mothers’ education,and place of residence. It is based on four Demographic andHealth Surveys implemented in 2000, 2005, 2011, and 2014.Trends in rate differences and rate ratios are analyzed. Thestudy also investigates the dynamics of inequalities, usingconcentration curves for different years. In addition, adecomposition analysis is conducted to identify the role ofproximate determinants. The study finds substantialimprovements in health outcomes and health services.Although there still exists a considerable gap between therich and the poor, the study finds some reductions ininequalities of health services. However, some of theimprovements in selected health outcomes appear to be pro-rich.