Impacts of Trade Liberalization on Poverty and Inequality in Argentina

Cicowiez, Martí ; n ; Dí ; az-Bonilla, Carolina ; Dí ; az-Bonilla, Eugenio

World Bank, Washington, DC

关键词: ACCOUNTING;    AGGREGATE DEMAND;    AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS;    AGRICULTURAL GROWTH;    AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION;   

RP-ID  :  55944

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

Using the most recent estimates ofagricultural price distortions, this chapter studies theeconomic, poverty, and income inequality impacts of bothglobal and domestic trade reform in Argentina, with aspecial focus on export taxes. Argentina offers aninteresting case study as the only large agriculturalexporter that has, at many points in its history, appliedexport taxes to several of its agricultural products. Thechapter combines results from a global economy-wide model(World Bank's linkage model), a national computablegeneral equilibrium (CGE) model, and micro-simulations. Theresults suggest that liberalization of world trade(including subsidies and import taxes, but not exporttaxes), both for agricultural and non-agricultural goods,reduces poverty and inequality in Argentina. However, ifonly agricultural goods are included, indicators for povertyand inequality do not improve and even deteriorate somewhat.This is particularly the case if export taxes areeliminated. The chapter discusses the possible reasons forthose results, offers some caveats, and suggests some linesfor further research.