COVID-19 Affects Everyone but Not Equally : The Gendered Poverty Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Colombia

Cuesta, Jose ; Pico, Julieth

World Bank, Washington, DC

关键词: CORONAVIRUS;    COVID-19;    PANDEMIC IMPACT;    POVERTY;    GENDER;   

RP-ID  :  151414

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

COVID-19 (Coronavirus) does notdistinguish borders, race or gender. Everyone is affectedbut not equally. Women are at risk of seeing structuralsocioeconomic gaps deepen with COVID-9(Coronavirus), alongwith worsening violence and social norms. The authorsexplore the extent to which COVID-19 (Coronavirus) willexacerbate gendered employment, income generation and,ultimately, poverty gaps. The authors explore a new butsprawling literature discussing the employment effects ofCOVID-19 (Coronavirus). The authors also develop a simplemicrosimulation methodology to estimate the poverty impactsof COVID-19 (Coronavirus) (versus a counterfactual of noCOVID-19 (Coronavirus)); the specific poverty reductionimpacts of mitigation policies; and the distinctive impactsby gender. The authors test our microsimulation approach inColombia, a country that has implemented an unparallelednumber of mitigation measures and has reopened its economyearlier than regional neighbors. The authors find that thepoverty impacts of COVID-19 (Coronavirus) are daunting(between 3.0 and 9.1 pp increases of poverty headcount).Mitigation measures vary considerably in their individualcapacity to reverse poverty (from no effect to 0.9 pppoverty reduction). A fiscally neutral universal basicincome (UBI) will bring about larger poverty reductions.Importantly, both men and women report similar povertyimpacts from the pandemic and mitigation policies. The sheermagnitude of the downturn, the design of interventions andour own measure of poverty explain this results.