South Sudan is a fragile country beset by conflicts. The oil shutdown accompaniedby a border closure in 2012 was resolved, but ongoing military clashes betweenfactions of the ruling party have affected livelihoods since December 2013. Beforethe onset of these conflicts, large parts of the population were food insecure (2 outof 3 people) and lived in poverty (1 out of 2 people). This note estimates andjuxtaposes the impact of the oil shutdown and the ongoing military conflict onlivelihoods based on food price changes, predicted harvest losses and displacement.The resulting poverty estimates help to understand the structural implications ofthese conflicts. But to validate these numbers, test the underlying modelingassumptions and inform a policy response, new data needs to be collected urgently.