Seventy years after independence andmore than a decade of political and institutional reforms,Indonesia has emerged as a stable democracy. Indonesia’sachievements are now under stress, with a slowdown in itscommodity driven economy, stagnant rates of povertyreduction, and rapidly rising inequality. The developmentpolicy review, completed in 2014, and the systematic countrydiagnostic (SCD), completed in 2015, explain the limitedwindow of opportunity for Indonesia to reach high per capitaincome levels. This country partnership framework (CPF),covering the period FY2016-20, builds on the previouscountry partnership strategy (CPS) FY2013-15 and thelong-term operational and policy-based support that has beena hallmark of World Bank Group’s (WBG’s) engagement with theGovernment of India (GoI) for the past decade. The CPFconcentrates on areas of infrastructure necessary to betterconnect the economy, provide sustainable energy, help thecountry reap benefits from the rapid pace of urbanization,and improve equality of opportunity through better access ofthe poor and vulnerable to essential water and sanitationservices. The CPF will seek to maximize synergies across theWBG and take advantage of all instruments in support of theCPF goals. The CPF will require a larger financing packagethan the previous CPS, although WBG’s total contributionwill still be a very small percentage of overall borrowing needs.