This report aims to provide insightsinto how health services are delivered at the grassrootslevel to support the expansion of access to quality healthservices in Vietnam with a focus on primary health care(PHC). It intends to identify any challenges in this areaand emphasize the importance of tracking performance andaccountability for the resources spent. The focus of thisreport is aligned with the efforts of the ministry of health(MOH) to strengthen the grassroots health system and, hence,with the World Bank’s larger engagement in Vietnam onprimary care strengthening. This study used the frameworkdeveloped by the PHC performance initiative (PHCPI) toorganize the scorecard based on specific performance domainsand pre-identified core indicators, complemented or adjustedto the Vietnamese context. The indicators were grouped intoa national scorecard and a provincial scorecard, which waspiloted in two provinces, Bac Giang and Yen Bai. Vietnam hasachieved impressive health gains with the reduction ofunder-five mortality (U5M) rate and maternal mortality ratio(MMR) and an increase in life expectancy; however, it needsto accelerate progress if it is to meet the health-relatedsustainable development goals (SDGs). Vietnam has madesignificant achievements in increasing the coverage of manymaternal and child health (MCH) services; however, nutritionindicators are lagging behind and data are scarce oncoverage of noncommunicable disease (NCD) services.