Over the past decade, China’s transitionrate from lower secondary education to higher secondaryeducation has increased significantly, from 80.5 to 93.7percent. In light of this impressive progress, the Chinesegovernment aimed at raising the gross enrollment rate insenior high schools to above 90 percent by 2020. Quality andrelevance in vocational and academic high school educationcould be a key bottleneck in further expansion. The waytracking operates between academic and vocational streamscould itself be a distortion for the sector’s furtherexpansion. Looking ahead, reforms in upper secondaryeducation are imperative, given increasing demand for ahighly skilled labor force and China’s fast demographicchange as the young population cohorts decline. The paperexamines the sector’s key constraints in access, financing,tracking, and informed decisions and recommends how thequality of the general and vocational education tracks canbe further improved.
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