The “Stallings Classroom Snapshot” instrument, technically called the “Stanford Research InstituteClassroom Observation System”, was developed by Professor Jane Stallings for research onthe efficiency and quality of basic education teachers in the United States in the 1970s. (Stallings,1977; Stallings and Mohlman, 1988). The Stallings instrument generates robust quantitative dataon the interaction of teachers and students in the classroom, with a high degree of inter-rater reliability(0.8 or higher) among observers with relatively limited training, which makes it suitablefor large-scale samples in developing country settings. (Jukes, 2006; Abadzi, 2007; DeStefano etal, 2010; Schuh-Moore et al, 2010). The instrument is language and curriculum-neutral, so resultsare directly comparable across different types of schools and country contexts, and a growingbody of comparative country data from the US and developing countries is available. Use of the Stallings classroom snapshot in more than seven countries in the Latin America andthe Caribbean region in recent years has generated a global data base of more than 20,000 differentclassroom observations in more than 3,600 schools. A public use online database is beingcreated on the World Bank/SIEF (Strategic Impact Evaluation Fund) website. These data providevaluable reference benchmarks for any country or education system that uses the Stallingsinstrument following the protocol outlined in this guide.
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