Groundwater and Surface Water in the Mega-Irrigation Systems of Pakistan : The Case for Conjunctive Management

van Steenbergen, Frank

World Bank, Washington, DC

关键词: IRRIGATION;    GROUNDWATER;    SURFACE WATER;    CANAL;    SALINITY;   

RP-ID  :  145386

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

Groundwater use has increased acrossPakistan, nowhere more than in the large canal-irrigatedareas of the Indus basin irrigation system (IBIS). Thesemega-irrigation systems use surface water and groundwater,often in equal measure. The two water sources are the samesource and should be managed as such. Groundwater suppliedby seepage from the surface system is pumped up tocomplement surface water supplies. The delivery of surfacewater supplies determines how much groundwater is used andhow much recharge will happen. In most cases, suchconjunctive management will not 'cost' extra waterto make significant gains in yields and support droughtresilience. This case study discusses Pakistan’s contrastingexperiences with conjunctive use in the Punjab and Sindhprovinces and attempts to move toward conjunctive management.