Business training is one of the mostcommon support services offered by governments to smallfirms around the world. However, a number of evaluations ofsuch training programs have struggled to identify impacts,and an additional concern has been that any growth oftrained firms might at the expense of their competitors. Incontrast, supporters of training programs argue that theremight be positive benefits to other firms in the economy, ifbetter business practices are like a technology that otherscan observe and copy, or if training encourages collectiveaction. The authors designed an experiment to measure boththe direct and spillover impacts of training.