Skilled and motivated personnel arearguably the most important determinant of an effectivegovernment. How does a government recruit the best and thebrightest? This Governance Note examines differentapproaches to recruiting through career- andposition-oriented systems; measuring knowledge versuscompetencies; screening applicants through written or oraltests; and recruiting junior- and senior-level civilservants. It also compares the advantages and disadvantagesof centralized and decentralized recruitment processes.Although this note primarily focuses on civil servants, manyof the findings presented here are generalizable to otherpublic employees, such as teachers and health workers.