Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence (NRF) is a physics process that has potential to address numerous and varied national security applications. With the use of an incident photon beam, NRF provides isotope-specific signatures for a wide variety of materials that can be used to detect and characterize samples. Exploitation of these signatures may lead to new applications. The objective of this report is to document the initial investigation into the possible research issues related to the development of NRF-based national security applications. These potential applications include (1) Measuring uranium enrichment in UF6 canisters; (2) Geo-sourcing of material; (3) Weapons dismantlement verification; (4) Direct measurement of Pu in spent fuel; (5) Self-irradiating samples; (6) Gas samples; (7) Tagging; (8) Characterization of suspect material, and (9) Verification of special nuclear material in a cargo container.