Recent technological progress in lasers has renewed interest in applying high power lasers to accelerate charged particles. Outstanding gains in efficiency and power, and the first demonstration of optical phase-locking have moved the laser closer to competitive standing with microwave vacuum tubes as power sources for accelerators. We explore some of the questions that will determine the suitability of both low-field (a(sub 0) < 1) and high-field (a(sub 0) > 1) acceleration methods, and identify some of the challenges ahead. Possible applications include a laser-driven linear collider and novel, compact particle and radiation sources, each with its own performance requirements.