Understanding Risk Tolerance and Building an Effective Safety Culture

Loyd, David

关键词: RISK;    SAFETY;    SAFETY MANAGEMENT;    ERRORS;    HUMAN FACTORS ENGINEERING;    HUMAN PERFORMANCE;    FAULT TOLERANCE;    INDUSTRIAL SAFETY;    ORGANIZATIONS;    INSPECTION;    LOSSES;   

RP-ID  :  JSC-E-DAA-TN55821

美国|英语

来源: NASA Technical Reports Server

【 摘 要 】

Estimates range from 65-90 percent of catastrophic mishaps are due to human error. NASA's human factors-related mishaps causes are estimated at approximately 75 percent. As much as we'd like to error-proof our work environment, even the most automated and complex technical endeavors require human interaction... and are vulnerable to human frailty. Industry and government are focusing not only on human factors integration into hazardous work environments, but also looking for practical approaches to cultivating a strong Safety Culture that diminishes risk. Industry and government organizations have recognized the value of monitoring leading indicators to identify potential risk vulnerabilities. NASA has adapted this approach to assess risk controls associated with hazardous, critical, and complex facilities. NASA's facility risk assessments integrate commercial loss control, OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) Process Safety, API (American Petroleum Institute) Performance Indicator Standard, and NASA Operational Readiness Inspection concepts to identify risk control vulnerabilities.