Retention of Halogens in Waste Glass

Hrma, Pavel R.

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (U.S.)

关键词: Radioactivity;    Particulates;    Iodine 129;    Halogens;    Oxides;   

DOI  :  10.2172/981571
RP-ID  :  PNNL-19361
RP-ID  :  AC05-76RL01830
RP-ID  :  981571

美国|英语

来源: UNT Digital Library

【 摘 要 】

In spite of their potential roles as melting rate accelerators and foam breakers, halogens are generally viewed as troublesome components for glass processing. Of five halogens, F, Cl, Br, I, and At, all but At may occur in nuclear waste. A nuclear waste feed may contain up to 10 g of F, 4 g of Cl, and ≤100 mg of Br and I per kg of glass. The main concern is halogen volatility, producing hazardous fumes and particulates, and the radioactive iodine 129 isotope of 1.7x10^7-year half life. Because F and Cl are soluble in oxide glasses and tend to precipitate on cooling, they can be retained in the waste glass in the form of dissolved constituents or as dispersed crystalline inclusions. This report compiles known halogen-retention data in both high-level waste (HLW) and low-activity waste (LAW) glasses. Because of its radioactivity, the main focus is on I. Available data on F and Cl were compiled for comparison. Though Br is present in nuclear wastes, it is usually ignored; no data on Br retention were found.