Structural and Functional Studies on Nucleotide Excision Repair From Recognition to Incision.

Kisker, Caroline

Research Foundation SUNY Stony Brook

关键词: Dna Damages;    Diseases;    Skin Diseases;    Pyrimidine Dimers;    54 Environmental Sciences;   

DOI  :  10.2172/860658
RP-ID  :  DEFG0201ER63073
RP-ID  :  FG02-01ER63073
RP-ID  :  860658

美国|英语

来源: UNT Digital Library

【 摘 要 】

Maintenance of the correct genetic information is crucial for all living organisms because mutations are the primary cause of hereditary diseases, as well as cancer and may also be involved in aging. The importance of genomic integrity is underscored by the fact that 80 to 90% of all human cancers are ultimately due to DNA damage. Among the different repair mechanisms that have evolved to protect the genome, nucleotide excision repair (NER) is a universal pathway found in all organisms. NER removes a wide variety of bulky DNA adducts including the carcinogenic cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers induced by UV radiation, benzo(a)pyrene-guanine adducts caused by smoking and the guanine-cisplatin adducts induced by chemotherapy. The importance of this repair mechanism is reflected by three severe inherited diseases in humans, which are due to defects in NER: xeroderma pigmentosum, Cockayne's syndrome and trichothiodystrophy.