Technology Support for High-Throughput Processing of Thin-Film CdTe PV Modules: Final Technical Report, April 1998 - October 2001

Rose, D. H. ; Powell, R. C.

National Renewable Energy Laboratory (U.S.)

关键词: Back-Contact;    Finite Difference;    Processing;    Efficiency;    Deposition;   

DOI  :  10.2172/15000470
RP-ID  :  NREL/SR-520-32041
RP-ID  :  AC36-99-GO10337
RP-ID  :  15000470

美国|英语

来源: UNT Digital Library

【 摘 要 】

This report describes the significant progress made in four areas of this subcontract: process and equipment development; efficiency improvement; characterization and analysis; and environmental, health, and safety. As part of the process and equipment development effort, vapor-transport deposition (VTD) was implemented first on a 60-cm-web pilot-production system, then on a 120-cm-web high-throughput coater. Deposition of CdS and CdTe films at a throughput of 3 m2/min was demonstrated, and more than 56,000 plates (each 0.72 m2) were coated -- 16 times the total number coated prior to the start of the contract. Progress was also made in the conversion efficiency and yield of both standard and next-generation modules, with data from more than 3000 sequentially deposited modules having an average total-area conversion efficiency of 7% and next-generation modules produced with efficiency as high as 9.3% (10.15% aperture-area efficiency as measured by NREL). Successful implementation o f in-situ CdS thickness measurements was important to progress in thickness uniformity and control. Net CdTe material utilization of 82% was demonstrated. The ability to raise the utilization further was shown with the demonstration of inherent CdS and CdTe material utilizations of over 90%. Post-CdTe-deposition process development, which included process space exploration and problem diagnosis, was an important part of advances in efficiency and yield. As part of the efficiency-improvement task, research was done on cells and modules with reduced CdS thickness to increase photocurrent.