Mammalian Tissue Response to Low Dose Ionizing Radiation: The Role of Oxidative Metabolism and Intercellular Communication

Azzam, Edouard I

关键词: Low dose radiation effects;    gamma rays;    adaptive responses;    DNA repair;    antioxidants;    mitochondria;    inter-cellular communication;    in vivo radiation effects;   

DOI  :  10.2172/1059944
RP-ID  :  DOE/ER64344
PID  :  OSTI ID: 1059944
Others  :  Other: Project ID: ER64344

美国|英语

来源: SciTech Connect

【 摘 要 】

The objective of the project was to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the biological effects of low dose/low dose rate ionizing radiation in organs/tissues of irradiated mice that differ in their susceptibility to ionizing radiation, and in human cells grown under conditions that mimic the natural in vivo environment. The focus was on the effects of sparsely ionizing cesium-137 gamma rays and the role of oxidative metabolism and intercellular communication in these effects. Four Specific Aims were proposed. The integrated outcome of the experiments performed to investigate these aims has been significant towards developing a scientific basis to more accurately estimate human health risks from exposures to low doses ionizing radiation. By understanding the biochemical and molecular changes induced by low dose radiation, several novel markers associated with mitochondrial functions were identified, which has opened new avenues to investigate metabolic processes that may be affected by such exposure. In particular, a sensitive biomarker that is differentially modulated by low and high dose gamma rays was discovered.