Diagnostic, functional, and therapeutic roles of microRNA in allergic diseases

JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY

卷:132

Review

Lu, Thomas X.^1,2  Rothenberg, Marc E.¹ 

[1] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Div Allergy & Immunol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA

[2] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Med Scientist Training Program, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA

关键词: Allergy;    microRNA;    noncoding RNA;    asthma;    eosinophilic esophagitis;    atopic dermatitis;    allergic rhinitis;    eosinophils;    inflammation;    biomarkers;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.jaci.2013.04.039

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Allergic inflammation is accompanied by the coordinated expression of a myriad of genes and proteins that initiate, sustain, and propagate immune responses and tissue remodeling. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short single-stranded RNA molecules that posttranscriptionally silence gene expression and have been shown to fine-tune gene transcriptional networks because single miRNAs can target hundreds of genes. Considerable attention has been focused on the key role of miRNAs in regulating homeostatic immune architecture and acquired immunity. Recent studies have identified miRNA profiles in multiple allergic inflammatory diseases, including asthma, eosinophilic esophagitis, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. Specific miRNAs have been found to have critical roles in regulating key pathogenic mechanisms in allergic inflammation, including polarization of adaptive immune responses and activation of T cells (eg, miR-21 and miR-146), regulation of eosinophil development (eg, miR-21 and miR-223), and modulation of IL-13-driven epithelial responses (eg, miR-375). This review discusses recent advances in our understanding of the expression and function of miRNAs in patients with allergic inflammation, their role as disease biomarkers, and perspectives for future investigation and clinical utility.

【 授权许可】

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