Understanding the feasibility and implications of implementing early peanut introduction for prevention of peanut allergy

JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY

卷:138

Article

Koplin, Jennifer J.^1,2,3  Peters, Rachel L.^1,2  Dharmage, Shyamali C.³  Gurrin, Lyle³  Tang, Mimi L. K.^1,2  Ponsonby, Anne-Louise^1,2  Matheson, Melanie³  Togias, Alkis⁴  Lack, Gideon^5,6  Allen, Katrina J.^1,2,7 

[1] Univ Melbourne, Dept Paediat, Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Parkville, Vic, Australia

[2] Royal Childrens Hosp, Dept Allergy & Clin Immunol, Parkville, Vic, Australia

[3] Univ Melbourne, Sch Populat & Global Hlth, Parkville, Vic, Australia

[4] NIAID, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA

[5] Kings Coll London, Dept Pediat Allergy, Div Asthma Allergy & Lung Biol, London, England

[6] Guys & St Thomas Natl Hlth Serv Fdn Trust, London, England

[7] Univ Manchester, Sch Inflammat & Repair, Manchester, Lancs, England

关键词: Peanut allergy;    infant feeding;    guidelines;    skin prick test;    specific IgE;    prevention;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.jaci.2016.04.011

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Background: A recent randomized trial (the Learning Early About Peanut Allergy [LEAP] study) provided evidence that earlier dietary peanut introduction reduces peanut allergy prevalence in high-risk infants. However, questions remain as to how to identify and target the at-risk'' population to facilitate timely introduction of peanut. Objective: We sought to use population-based infant peanut allergy data to understand feasibility and implications of implementing the LEAP trial intervention. Methods: Using the HealthNuts study cohort (n = 5276) of 1-year-old infants, we explored the impact of using various criteria to identify infants at high risk of developing peanut allergy, and the implications of skin prick test (SPT) screening before peanut introduction. Results: Screening all infants with early onset eczema and/or egg allergy could require testing 16% of the population and would still miss 23% of peanut allergy cases; 29% of screened infants would require clinical follow-up because of being SPT-positive. Around 11% of high-risk infants were excluded from the LEAP study because of an SPT wheal size of more than 4 mm to peanut at baseline; data from the HealthNuts study suggest that 80% of these would be peanut allergic on food challenge. There were no life-threatening events among either low-or high-risk infants whose parents chose to introduce peanut at home in the first year of life, or in 150 peanut-allergic infants during hospital-based challenges. Conclusions: Based on this large epidemiological study, a population program aiming to identify and screen all infants at risk of peanut allergy would pose major cost and logistic challenges that need to be carefully considered. Further research might be required to provide data for low-risk infants.

【 授权许可】

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