Valorization of Bambara groundnut shell via intermediate pyrolysis: Products distribution and characterization

JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION

卷:139

Article

Mohammed, Isah Yakub^1,6  Abakr, Yousif Abdalla²  Musa, Mukhtar^3,6  Yusup, Suzana⁴  Singh, Ajit³  Kazi, Feroz Kabir⁵ 

[1] Univ Nottingham, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Malaysia Campus,Jalan Broga, Semenyih 43500, Selangor Darul, Malaysia

[2] Univ Nottingham, Dept Mech Mfg & Mat Engn, Malaysia Campus,Jalan Broga, Semenyih 43500, Selangor Darul, Malaysia

[3] Univ Nottinghamd, Sch Biosci, Malaysia Campus,Jalan Broga, Semenyih 43500, Selangor Darul, Malaysia

[4] Univ Teknol PETRONAS, Dept Chem Engn, Bandar Seri Iskandar 31750, Tronoh, Malaysia

[5] Sheffield Hallam Univ, Dept Engn & Math, City Campus,Howard St, Sheffield S1 1WB, S Yorkshire, England

[6] Univ Nottingham, Crops Future, Malaysia Campus,Jalan Broga, Semenyih 43500, Selangor Darul, Malaysia

关键词: Bambara groundnut shell;    Pyrolysis;    Bio-oil;    Bio-char;    Non-condensable gas;    Characterization;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.08.090

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

This study provides first report on thermochemical conversion of residue from one of the underutilized crops, Bambara groundnut. Shells from two Bambara groundnut landraces KARO and EX-SOKOTO were used. Pyrolysis was conducted in a vertical fixed bed reactor at 500, 550, 600 and 650 degrees C; 50 degrees C/min heating rate and 5 L/min nitrogen flow rate. The report gives experimental results on characteristic of the feedstock, impact of temperature on the pyrolysis product distribution (bio-oil, bio-char and non condensable gas). It evaluates the chemical and physicochemical properties of bio-oil, characteristics of bio-char and composition of the non-condensable gas using standard analytical techniques. KARO shell produced more bio-oil and was maximum at 600 degrees C (37.21 wt%) compared to EX-SOKOTO with the highest bio-oil yield of 32.79 wt% under the same condition. Two-phase bio-oil (organic and aqueous) was collected and analyzed. The organic phase from both feedstocks was made up of benzene derivatives which can be used as a precursor for quality biofuel production while the aqueous from KARO consisted sugars and other valuable chemicals compared to the aqueous phase from EX-SOKOTO which comprised of acids, ketones, aldehydes and phenols. Characteristics of bio-char and composition of the non condensable were also determined. The results show that bio-char is rich in carbon and some minerals which can be utilized either as a solid fuel or source of bio-fertilizer. The non-condensable gas was made up of methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, which can be recycled to the reactor as a carrier gas. This study demonstrated recovery of high quality fuel precursor and other valuable materials from Bambara groundnut shell. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

Free