Identifying key features of early stressful experiences that produce stress vulnerability and resilience in primates

NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS

卷:35

Review

Parker, Karen J.¹  Maestripieri, Dario² 

[1] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[2] Univ Chicago, Dept Comparat Human Dev, Chicago, IL 60637 USA

关键词: Development;    Early experiences;    HPA axis;    Maternal care;    Primate models;    Psychopathology;    Resilience;    Risk;    Stress inoculation;    Stressor;    Vulnerability;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.09.003

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

This article examines the complex role of early stressful experiences in producing both vulnerability and resilience to later stress-related psychopathology in a variety of primate models of human development. Two types of models are reviewed: Parental Separation Models (e.g., isolate-rearing, peer-rearing, parental separations, and stress inoculation) and Maternal Behavior Models (e.g., foraging demands, variation in maternal style, and maternal abuse). Based on empirical evidence, it is argued that early life stress exposure does not increase adult vulnerability to stress-related psychopathology as a linear function, as is generally believed, but instead reflects a quadratic function. Features of early stress exposure including the type, duration, frequency, ecological validity, sensory modality, and developmental timing, within and between species, are identified to better understand how early stressful experiences alter neurobiological systems to produce such diverse developmental outcomes. This article concludes by identifying gaps in our current knowledge, providing directions for future research, and discussing the translational implications of these primate models for human development and psychopathology. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

Free