Abuse potential and toxicity of the synthetic cathinones (i.e., Bath salts)

NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS

卷:110

Article; Proceedings Paper

Riley, Anthony L.¹  Nelson, Katharine H.¹  To, Peter¹  Lopez-Arnau, Raul^1,2,3  Xu, Peng⁴  Wang, Dan⁴  Wang, Youmei⁴  Shen, Hao-wei⁵  Kuhn, Donald M.^6,7  Angoa-Perez, Mariana^6,7  Anneken, John H.^6,7  Muskiewicz, Dawn⁸  Hall, F. Scott⁸ 

[1] Amer Univ, Ctr Behav Neurosci, Psychopharmacol Lab, 4400 Massachusetts Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20016 USA

[2] Univ Barcelona, Dept Pharmacol Toxicol & Therapeut Chem, Pharmacol Sect, Barcelona, Spain

[3] Univ Barcelona, Inst Biomed IBUB, Fac Pharm & Food Sci, Barcelona, Spain

[4] Minist Publ Secur, Drug Intelligence & Forens Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China

[5] Ningbo Univ, Med Sch, Dept Pharmacol, Ningbo, Zhejiang, Peoples R China

[6] John D Dingell VA Med Ctr, Res & Dev Serv, Detroit, MI USA

[7] Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Neurosci, Detroit, MI USA

[8] Univ Toledo, Dept Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut, Coll Pharmacol & Pharmacol Sci, 2801 W Bancroft St, Toledo, OH 43606 USA

关键词: New psychoactive substances (NPS);    Synthetic cathinones;    Bath salts;    Drug abuse;    Neurotoxicity;    Lethality;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.07.015

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

The synthetic cathinones are derived from the naturally occurring drug cathinone found in the khat plant (Catha edulis) and have chemical structures and neurochemical consequences similar to other psychostimulants. This class of new psychoactive substances (NPS) also has potential for use and abuse coupled with a range of possible adverse effects including neurotoxicity and lethality. This review provides a general background of the synthetic cathinones in terms of the motivation for and patterns and demographics of their use as well as the behavioral and physiological effects that led to their spread as abused substances and consequent regulatory control. This background is followed by a review focusing on their rewarding and aversive effects as assessed in various preclinical animal models and the contribution of these effects to their self-administration (implicating their use and abuse potential). The review closes with an overview of the consequences of synthetic cathinone use and abuse in terms of their potential to produce neurotoxicity and lethality. These characterizations are discussed in the context of other classical psychostimulants.

【 授权许可】

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