Lipids in psychiatric disorders and preventive medicine

NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS

卷:76

Review

Schneider, Miriam^1,2  Levant, Beth³  Reichel, Martin⁴  Gulbins, Erich^5,6  Kornhuber, Johannes⁴  Mueller, Christian P.⁴ 

[1] Heidelberg Univ, Med Fac Mannheim, Cent Inst Mental Hlth, Inst Psychopharmacol, D-68159 Mannheim, Germany

[2] Heidelberg Univ, Med Fac Mannheim, Cent Inst Mental Hlth, Res Grp Dev Neuropsychopharmacol,Inst Psychopharm, D-68159 Mannheim, Germany

[3] Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Dept Pharmacol Toxicol & Therapeut, Mail Stop 1018,3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA

[4] Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nuremberg, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, Schwabachanlage 6, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany

[5] Univ Duisburg Essen, Dept Mol Biol, Hufelandstr 55, D-45122 Essen, Germany

[6] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Surg, 231 Bethesda Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA

关键词: Phospholipids;    Fatty acids;    Sphingolipids;    Endocannabinoids;    Depression;    Anxiety;    Schizophrenia;    Addiction;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.06.002

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Psychiatric disorders like mood disorders, schizophrenia, or drug addiction affect a sizeable proportion of the human population and severely compromise quality of life. Therefore, measures to prevent the manifestation, and treatments to ameliorate the symptoms, of these disorders are in high demand. Brain lipids determine the localization and function of proteins in the cell membrane of neurons. Lipids may also act as neurotransmitters or other signalling molecules. The lipid composition of the brain can be influenced by nutrition, environmental factors, and by behavioural activity. Thus, lipids represent a target for preventive medicine of psychiatric disorders. Here we review how brain lipids contribute to normal behaviour and to major psychiatric disorders with the focus on phospholipids/fatty acids, sphingolipids, and endocannabinoids. Accumulating evidence suggests a crucial role for membrane forming and signalling lipids in the brain in the etiopathologies of depression, bipolar disorders, schizophrenia, and drug addiction. Lipids also represent potential preventive interventions for these psychiatric disorders by either targeted dietary supplementation or pharmacological manipulation of lipid regulating enzymes. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

【 授权许可】

Free