Individual differences in the activity of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis: Relations to age and cumulative risk in early childhood

PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY

卷:81

Article

Holochwost, Steven J.¹  Gariepy, Jean-Louis²  Mills-Koonce, W. Roger³  Propper, Cathi B.²  Kolacz, Jacek²  Granger, Douglas A.^4,5,6,7 

[1] Johns Hopkins Univ, Inst Learning Sci, Krieger Hall,Room 167, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA

[2] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Dev Sci, Chapel Hill, NC USA

[3] Univ N Carolina, Dept Human Dev & Family Studies, Greensboro, NC USA

[4] Univ Calif Irvine, Inst Interdisciplinary Salivary Biosci Res, Irvine, CA 92717 USA

[5] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Nursing, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA

[6] Univ Nebraska, Salivary Biosci Lab, Lincoln, NE USA

[7] Univ Nebraska, Dept Psychol, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA

关键词: Cumulative risk;    Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis;    Cortisol;    Early childhood;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.03.023

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

This study examined individual differences in the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis with regard to age and cumulative risk during challenging laboratory tasks administered at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months. Saliva samples were collected from a majority-minority sample of N = 185 children (57% African American, 50% female) prior to and following these tasks and later assayed for cortisol. Cumulative distal risk was indexed via a composite of maternal marital status, maternal education, income-to-needs ratio, the number of children in the household, and maternal age at childbirth. Probing of hierarchical models in which cortisol levels and age were nested within child revealed significant differences in cortisol as a function of both age and cumulative risk, such that children exposed to high levels of risk exhibited higher levels of cortisol both within and across age. These results highlight the sensitivity of the HPA axis to environmental context at the level of the individual, even as that sensitivity is manifest against the background of species typical biological development.

【 授权许可】

Free