Synthesis and application of additives based on cardanol as demulsifier for water-in-oil emulsions

FUEL

卷:245

Article

Feitosa, Filipe X.¹  Alves, Raissa S.¹  de Sant'Ana, Hosiberto B.¹ 

[1] Univ Fed Ceara, Dept Engn Quim, Grp Pesquisa Termofluidodinam Aplicada, Campus Pici,Bloco 709, BR-60455760 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil

关键词: Cardanol;    Demulsifiers;    Emulsion;    Ring opening ethoxylation;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.fuel.2019.02.081

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Emulsion formation is one of the most important problems faced by petroleum companies to guarantee the flow of fluids during petroleum production, once its formation is often associated to the colloidal state of asphaltenes in petroleum. For this reason, chemical additives should be frequently used to stabilize the asphaltenes and reduce or prevent emulsion formation. Unfortunately, it does not exist any widespread chemical compound that could be used for petroleum reservoirs indistinctly. Consequently, scanning and screening analysis for new compounds should be performed with the purpose to find more efficient and eco-friendlier demulsifiers. In this paper, four different chemical routes (hydrogenation, ethoxylation, formaldehyde polycondensation, and ethoxylation of formaldehyde polycondensation) have been used to synthetize four new products from cardanol to evaluate their activity as demulsifier agents. These additives were characterized by FTIR and H-1 NMR analysis. The demulsification activity were studied in emulsions using three Brazilian crude oil produced with a 30% (v/v) brine cut, 60 and 240 g/L NaCl of salinity, at different pH (range from 3 to 10), under agitation (3200 rpm). Bottle test was carried out at 60 degrees C in graduated tubes for water separability tests, by adding a constant composition (200 ppm) of each chemical tested. The results show that demulsification is more significant for ethoxylated compounds, at neutral pH.

【 授权许可】

Free