More really is different

PHYSICA D-NONLINEAR PHENOMENA

卷:238

Article

Gu, Mile¹  Weedbrook, Christian¹  Perales, Alvaro^1,2  Nielsen, Michael A.^1,3 

[1] Univ Queensland, Dept Phys, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia

[2] Univ Alcala de Henares, Dpto Automat, Escuela Politecn, Madrid 28871, Spain

[3] Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada

关键词: Complexity;    Undecidability;    Emergence;    Ising model;    Cellular automata;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.physd.2008.12.016

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

In 1972, P.W. Anderson Suggested that 'More is Different', meaning that complex physical systems may exhibit behavior that cannot be Understood only in terms of the laws governing their microscopic constituents. We strengthen this claim by proving that many macroscopic observable properties of a simple class of physical systems (the infinite periodic Ising lattice) cannot in general be derived from a microscopic description. This provides evidence that emergent behavior occurs in Such systems, and indicates that even if a 'theory of everything' governing all microscopic interactions were discovered, the understanding of macroscopic order is likely to require additional insights. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

Free