More surprises in the global greenhouse: Human health impacts from recent toxic marine aerosol formations, due to centennial alterations of world-wide coastal food webs

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN

卷:116

Review

Walsh, J. J.¹  Lenes, J. M.¹  Weisberg, R. H.¹  Zheng, L.¹  Hu, C.¹  Fanning, K. A.¹  Snyder, R.²  Smith, J.^3,4 

[1] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA

[2] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Eastern Shore Lab, Wachapreague, VA 23480 USA

[3] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA

[4] South Georgia Radiol Associates, POB 750, Baxley, GA 31515 USA

关键词: Aerosols;    Biogeochemical cycles;    Marine systems;    Health impacts;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.12.053

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Reductions of zooplankton biomasses and grazing pressures were observed during overfishing-induced trophic cascades and concurrent oil spills at global scales. Recent phytoplankton increments followed, once Fe-, P-, and N-nutrient limitations of commensal diazotrophs and dinoflagellates were also eliminated by respective human desertification, deforestation, and eutrophication during climate changes. Si-limitation of diatoms instead ensued during these last anthropogenic perturbations of agricultural effluents and sewage loadings. Consequently, similar to 15% of total world-wide annual asthma trigger responses, i.e. amounting to similar to 45 million adjacent humans during 2004, resulted from brevetoxin and palytoxin poisons in aerosol forms of western boundary current origins. They were denoted by greater global harmful algal bloom[HAB] abundances and breathing attacks among sea-side children during prior decadal surveys of asthma prevalence, compiled here in ten paired shelf ecosystems of western and eutrophied boundary currents. Since 1965, such inferred onshore fluxes of aerosolized DOC poisons of HABs may have served as additional wind-borne organic carriers of toxic marine MeHg, phthalate, and DDT/DDE vectors, traced by radio-iodine isotopes to potentially elicit carcinomas. During these exchanges, as much as 40% of mercury poisonings may instead have been effected by inhalation of collateral HAB-carried marine neurotoxic aerosols of MeHg, not just from eating marine fish. Health impacts in some areas were additional asthma and pneumonia episodes, as well as endocrine disruptions among the same adjacent humans, with known large local rates of thyroid cancers, physician-diagnosed pulmonary problems, and ubiquitous high indices of mercury in hair, pesticides in breast milk, and phthalates in urine. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

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