Elevated hair cortisol is associated with childhood maltreatment and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia and in bipolar disorders

SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH

卷:213

Article

Aas, Monica¹  Pizzagalli, Diego A.^2,3  Laskemoen, Jannicke Fjaera¹  Reponen, Elina J.¹  Ueland, Torill¹  Melle, Ingrid¹  Agartz, Ingrid^1,4  Steen, Nils Eiel¹  Andreassen, Ole A.¹ 

[1] Univ Oslo, Oslo Univ Hosp, NORMENT KG Jebsen Ctr Psychosis Res, Inst Clin Med, Oslo, Norway

[2] McLean Hosp, Ctr Depress Anxiety & Stress Res, 115 Mill St, Belmont, MA 02178 USA

[3] Harvard Med Sch, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA 02115 USA

[4] Diakonhjemmet Hosp, Dept Psychiat Res, Oslo, Norway

关键词: Hair cortisol concentrations;    Childhood maltreatment;    Schizophrenia;    Bipolar disorders;    Cognitive functioning;    Clinical characteristics;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.schres.2019.01.011

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Background: The neural diathesis-stress model is useful to understand schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar (BD) disorders. Childhood maltreatment could affect the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA)-axis and lead to chronic changes in stress-sensitivity, which can be measured with hair cortisol concentrations (HCC), representing long-term, cumulative cortisol levels. Here we investigated if childhood trauma experiences are associated with chronic changes in the HPA axis in severe mental disorders. Methods: Participants with SZ or BD (N= 63) and healthy controls (N= 94) were included, and HCC was measured by ELISA. History of childhood maltreatment was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Global function and symptom levels were obtained using the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) Scale and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). A neuropsychological test battery (MATRICS) was performed to assess cognitive functions. Results: Our study shows for the first time that patients with a history of childhood maltreatment have higher HCC relative to both healthy controls and patients without a history of childhood maltreatment (P= 0.01, eta p(2) = 0.046). In addition, patients experiencing a mood episode had higher HCC than patients in remission (P = 0.03). Lastly, we are the first to show that patients with higher HCC had poorer cognitive performance, specifically working memory (P = 0.01). All associations were irrespective of diagnostic group. A factor analysis confirmed a subgroup within the patients characterized by childhood maltreatment and elevated HCC. Conclusions: Findings support the neural diathesis-stress model in SZ and BD pointing to long-term changes in HPA-axis following childhood maltreatment experiences. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier B.V.

【 授权许可】

Free