Evidence of reward system dysfunction in youth at clinical high-risk for psychosis from two event-related fMRI paradigms

SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH

卷:226

Article

Millman, Zachary B.¹  Gallagher, Keith²  Demro, Caroline³  Schiffman, Jason¹  Reeves, Gloria M.²  Gold, James M.⁴  Rouhakhtar, Pamela J. Rakhshan¹  Fitzgerald, John¹  Andorko, Nicole D.¹  Redman, Samantha¹  Buchanan, Robert W.⁴  Rowland, Laura M.⁴  Waltz, James A.⁴ 

[1] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Psychol, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA

[2] Univ Maryland, Dept Psychiat, 701 W Pratt St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA

[3] Univ Minnesota, Dept Psychiat, Sch Med, 2312 S 6th St,Floor 2,Suite F-275, Minneapolis, MD 55454 USA

[4] Univ Maryland, Maryland Psychiat Res Ctr, Sch Med, A55 Wade Ave, Catonsville, MD 21228 USA

关键词: Clinical high-risk;    Psychosis;    Reward processing;    Reinforcement learning;    Prediction error;    fMRI;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.schres.2019.03.017

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Abnormal reward processing is thought to play an important role in the development of psychosis, but relatively few studies have examined reward prediction errors, reinforcement learning (RL), and the reward circuitry that subserves these interconnected processes among individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR) for the disorder. Here, we present behavioral and functional neuroimaging results of two experimental tasks designed tomeasure overlapping aspects of reward processing among individuals at CHR (n = 22) and healthy controls (n = 19). We found no group differences in response times to positive, negative, or neutral outcome-signaling cues, and no significant differences in brain activation during reward anticipation or receipt. Youth at CHR, however, displayed clear RL impairments, as well as attenuated responses to rewards and blunted prediction error signals in the ventral striatum, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). Greater contrasts for cue valence (gain-loss) and outcome magnitude (large-small) in the vmPFC were associated with more severe negative symptoms, and deficits in dACC signaling during RL were associated with more depressive symptoms. Our results provide evidence for RL deficits and abnormal prediction error signaling in the brain's reward circuitry among individuals at CHR, while also suggesting that reward motivation may be relatively preserved at this stage in development. Longitudinal studies, medication-free participants, and comparison of neurobehavioral measures against both healthy and clinical controls are needed to better understand the role of reward system abnormalities in the development of psychosis. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

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