State of the art satellite and airborne marine oil spill remote sensing: Application to the BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill

REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT

卷:124

Review

Leifer, Ira¹  Lehr, William J.²  Simecek-Beatty, Debra²  Bradley, Eliza³  Clark, Roger⁴  Dennison, Philip^5,6  Hu, Yongxiang⁷  Matheson, Scott^5,6  Jones, Cathleen E.⁸  Holt, Benjamin⁸  Reif, Molly⁹  Roberts, Dar A.³  Svejkovsky, Jan¹⁰  Swayze, Gregg⁴  Wozencraft, Jennifer⁹ 

[1] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA

[2] NOAA, Off Response & Restorat, Seattle, WA USA

[3] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA

[4] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA

[5] Univ Utah, Dept Geog, Salt Lake City, UT USA

[6] Univ Utah, Ctr Nat & Technol Hazards, Salt Lake City, UT USA

[7] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA

[8] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA

[9] USA, Corp Engineers, Kiln, MS USA

[10] Ocean Imaging Corp, Solana Beach, CA USA

关键词: Oil spill;    Deepwater Horizon;    Remote sensing;    Lidar;    Near infrared;    Thermal infrared;    Satellite;    Airborne remote sensing;    Synthetic aperture radar;    MODIS;    Hyperspectral;    Multispectral;    Expert system;    False positives;    Technology readiness;    Operational readiness;    Visible spectrum;    Oil water emulsions;    Spill response;    AVIRIS;    Synthetic aperture radar;    UAVSAR;    Fire;    CALIPSO;    Oil slick thickness;    Laser fluorescence;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.rse.2012.03.024

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

The vast and persistent Deepwater Horizon (DWH) spill challenged response capabilities, which required accurate, quantitative oil assessment at synoptic and operational scales. Although experienced observers are a spill response's mainstay, few trained observers and confounding factors including weather, oil emulsification, and scene illumination geometry present challenges. DWH spill and impact monitoring was aided by extensive airborne and spaceborne passive and active remote sensing. Oil slick thickness and oil-to-water emulsion ratios are key spill response parameters for containment/cleanup and were derived quantitatively for thick (>0.1 mm) slicks from AVIRIS (Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer) data using a spectral library approach based on the shape and depth of near infrared spectral absorption features. MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) satellite, visible-spectrum broadband data of surface-slick modulation of sunglint reflection allowed extrapolation to the total slick. A multispectral expert system used a neural network approach to provide Rapid Response thickness class maps. Airborne and satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) provides synoptic data under all-sky conditions; however. SAR generally cannot discriminate thick (> 100 mu m) oil slicks from thin sheens (to 0.1 mu m). The UAVSAR's (Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle SAR) significantly greater signal-to-noise ratio and finer spatial resolution allowed successful pattern discrimination related to a combination of oil slick thickness, fractional Surface coverage, and emulsification. In situ burning and smoke plumes were studied with AVIRIS and corroborated spaceborne CALIPSO (Cloud Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation) observations of combustion aerosols. CALIPSO and bathymetry lidar data documented shallow subsurface oil, although ancillary data were required for confirmation. Airborne hyperspectral, thermal infrared data have nighttime and overcast collection advantages and were collected as well as MODIS thermal data. However, interpretation challenges and a lack of Rapid Response Products prevented significant use. Rapid Response Products were key to response utilization data needs are time critical; thus, a high technological readiness level is critical to operational use of remote sensing products. DWH's experience demonstrated that development and operationalization of new spill response remote sensing tools must precede the next major oil spill. (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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