Column studies to assess the effects of climate variables on redox processes during riverbank filtration

WATER RESEARCH

卷:61

Article

von Rohr, Matthias Rudolf^1,2  Hering, Janet G.^1,2,3  Kohler, Hans-Peter E.^1,2  von Gunten, Urs^1,2,3 

[1] Swiss Fed Inst Aquat Sci & Technol, EAWAG, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland

[2] ETH, Inst Biogeochem & Pollutant Dynam, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland

[3] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Sch Architecture Civil & Environm Engn, ENAC, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

关键词: Climate change;    Redox milieu;    Microbial respiration;    Wastewater effluent;    POM;    BDOM;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.watres.2014.05.018

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Riverbank filtration is an established technique used world-wide to produce clean drinking water in a reliable and cost-efficient way. This practice is, however, facing new challenges posed by climate change, as already observed during past heat waves with the local occurrence of anoxic conditions. In this study we investigated the effect of direct (temperature) and indirect (dissolved organic matter (DOM) concentration and composition, flow rate) climate change variables on redox processes (aerobic respiration, denitrification and Mn(III/IV)/Fe(III) reduction) by means of column experiments. Natural river water, modified river water and river water mixed with treated wastewater effluent were used as feed waters for the columns filled with natural sand from a river-infiltration system in Switzerland. Biodegradable dissolved organic matter was mainly removed immediately at the column inlet and particulate organic matter (POM) associated with the natural sand was the main electron donor for aerobic respiration throughout the column. Low infiltration rates (<= 0.01 m/h) enhanced the oxygen consumption leading to anoxic conditions. DOM consumption did not seem to be sensitive to temperature, although oxygen consumption (i.e., associated with POM degradation) showed a strong temperature dependence with an activation energy of similar to 70 kJmol(-1). Anoxic conditions developed at 30 degrees C with partial denitrification and formation of nitrite and ammonium. In absence of oxygen and nitrate, Mn(II) was mobilized at 20 degrees C, highlighting the importance of nitrate acting as a redox buffer under anoxic conditions preventing the reductive dissolution of Mn(III/IV)(hydr)oxides. Reductive dissolution of Fe(III)(hydr)oxides was not observed under these conditions. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All lights reserved.

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