Plant-wide modelling of phosphorus transformations in wastewater treatment systems: Impacts of control and operational strategies

WATER RESEARCH

卷:113

Article

Solon, K.¹  Flores-Alsina, X.²  Mbamba, C. Kazadi³  Ikumi, D.⁴  Volcke, E. I. P.⁵  Vaneeckhaute, C.⁶  Vanrolleghem, P. A.⁷  Gernaey, K. V.²  Jeppsson, U.¹ 

[1] Lund Univ, Div Ind Elect Engn & Automat, Dept Biomed Engn, Box 118, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden

[2] Tech Univ Denmark, CAPEC PROC Res Ctr, Dept Chem & Biochem Engn, Bldg 229, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark

[3] Univ Queensland, Adv Water Management Ctr, St Lucia, Qld 4072OL, Australia

[4] Univ Cape Town, Water Res Grp, Dept Civil Engn, ZA-7700 Rondebosch, South Africa

[5] Univ Ghent, Dept Biosyst Engn, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium

[6] Univ Laval, BioEngine Dept Chem Engn, Laval, PQ GIV 0A6, Canada

[7] Univ Laval, ModelEAU, Dept Genie Civil & Genie Eaux, Laval, PQ GIV 0A6, Canada

关键词: Benchmarking;    Control strategies;    Multiple mineral precipitation;    Physico-chemical modelling;    Nutrient removal;    Struvite recovery;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.watres.2017.02.007

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

The objective of this paper is to report the effects that control/operational strategies may have on plant-wide phosphorus (P) transformations in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The development of a new set of biological (activated sludge, anaerobic digestion), physico-chemical (aqueous phase, precipitation, mass transfer) process models and model interfaces (between water and sludge line) were required to describe the required tri-phasic (gas, liquid, solid) compound transformations and the close interlinks between the P and the sulfur (S) and iron (Fe) cycles. A modified version of the Benchmark Simulation Model No. 2 (BSM2) (open loop,) is used as test platform upon which three different operational alternatives (A1, A2, A3) are evaluated. Rigorous sensor and actuator models are also included in order to reproduce realistic control actions. Model-based analysis shows that the combination of an ammonium (Smix) and total suspended solids (XTSS) control strategy (A1) better adapts the system to influent dynamics, improves phosphate (Spa,) accumulation by phosphorus accumulating organisms (X-pAo) (41%), increases nitrification/denitrification efficiency (18%) and reduces aeration energy (E-aeration) ( 21%). The addition of iron (X-Fecl3) for chemical P removal (A2) promotes the formation of ferric oxides (XHFO-H,XHFO-L), phosphate adsorption (XHFO-H,XHFO-L), co-precipitation (XHFO-H,XHFO-L) and consequently reduces the P levels in the effluent (from 2.8 to 0.9 g P.m 3). This also has an impact on the sludge line, with hydrogen sulfide production (Gihs) reduced (36%) due to iron sulfide (Xpes) precipitation. As a consequence, there is also a slightly higher energy production (Eproduction) from biogas. Lastly, the inclusion of a stripping and crystallization unit (A3) for P recovery reduces the quantity of P in the anaerobic digester supernatant returning to the water line and allows potential struvite (XMgNH4PO4) recovery ranging from 69 to 227 kg.day-1 depending on: (1) airflow (Qstripping); and, (2) magnesium ((IP.) addition. All the proposed alternatives are evaluated from an environmental and economical point of view using appropriate performance indices. Finally, some deficiencies and opportunities of the proposed approach when performing (plant-wide) wastewater treatment modelling/engineering projects are discussed. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

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