Age group differences in psychological distress and leisure-time exercise/socioeconomic status during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional analysis during 2020 to 2021 of a cohort study in Japan

Frontiers in Public Health

Public Health

Kaname Watanabe¹  Sho Nakamura²  Naoko Shinmura³  Hiromi Ikegami³  Hiroto Narimatsu⁴  Yoshinobu Saito⁵  Yohei Miyagi⁶  Shinya Sato⁷ 

[1] Cancer Prevention and Control Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan;Department of Genetic Medicine, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan;Cancer Prevention and Control Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan;Graduate School of Health Innovation, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Kawasaki, Japan;Cancer Prevention and Control Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan;Hygeia Communication General Incorporated Association, Kawasaki, Japan;Center for Innovation Policy, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Kawasaki, Japan;Cancer Prevention and Control Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan;Graduate School of Health Innovation, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Kawasaki, Japan;Department of Genetic Medicine, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan;Faculty of Sport Management, Nippon Sport Science University, Yokohama, Japan;Graduate School of Physical Education, Health and Sport Studies, Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo, Japan;Center for Innovation Policy, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Kawasaki, Japan;Molecular Pathology and Genetics Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan;Morphological Information Analysis Laboratory, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan;Molecular Pathology and Genetics Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, Yokohama, Japan;Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan;

关键词: COVID-19;    mental health;    physical activity;    social environments;    social disparities;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fpubh.2023.1233942

 received in 2023-06-03, accepted in 2023-10-12,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the association between psychological distress and leisure-time exercise/socioeconomic status by age group, using data from a cohort study in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted among participants in the ME-BYO cohort, aged 20–85 years, living or working in Kanagawa, Japan. A questionnaire was disseminated to 1,573 participants (51.7% men) between December 2020 and March 2021. The questionnaire items included psychological distress (using the 6-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale [K6]), leisure-time exercise, and socioeconomic status. Multivariate analyses were conducted using logistic regression analysis for each age group.ResultsWe found that 47.4% of 20–39-year-olds, 40.6% of 40–64-year-olds, and 28.3% of 65–85-year-olds experienced psychological distress (K6: ≥5 points). For those aged 20–39 years, leisure-time exercise (odds ratio [OR] (95% confidence interval) = 0.45 (0.28–0.73)) and higher annual household income [0.53 (0.32–0.90)] were associated with less psychological distress. For those aged 40–64 years, older age was associated with less psychological distress, while full-time work [1.98 (1.05–9.71)] was associated with more psychological distress. In the 65–85-year age group, higher education and higher annual income tended to be associated with less psychological distress. For those over 40 years of age, living with other(s) was associated with reduced psychological distress.ConclusionIn the general population of Japan, not engaging in leisure-time exercise and low income affect psychological distress among young adults. Further detailed studies are needed to consider overall physical activity, job type, and work style.

【 授权许可】

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Copyright © 2023 Saito, Nakamura, Watanabe, Ikegami, Shinmura, Sato, Miyagi and Narimatsu.