Predicting and preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS): the need for individualized not standardized treatment

Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology

Review

Klaus Fiedler¹  Diego Ezcurra² 

[1] Kinderwunsch Centrum München (KCM) (Fertility Center Munich), Lortzingstr. 26, D-81241, Munich, Germany;Merck Serono S.A. – Geneva (an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), 9 Chemin des Mines, CH-1202, Geneva, Switzerland;

关键词: Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome;    Individualized controlled ovarian stimulation;    Risk factors;    Vascular endothelial growth factor;    Prevention;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1477-7827-10-32

 received in 2011-12-16, accepted in 2012-04-24,  发布年份 2012

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is the most serious complication of controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) as part of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). While the safety and efficacy of ART is well established, physicians should always be aware of the risk of OHSS in patients undergoing COS, as it can be fatal. This article will briefly present the pathophysiology of OHSS, including the key role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), to provide the foundation for an overview of current techniques for the prevention of OHSS. Risk factors and predictive factors for OHSS will be presented, as recognizing these risk factors and individualizing the COS protocol appropriately is the key to the primary prevention of OHSS, as the benefits and risks of each COS strategy vary among individuals. Individualized COS (iCOS) could effectively eradicate OHSS, and the identification of hormonal, functional and genetic markers of ovarian response will facilitate iCOS. However, if iCOS is not properly applied, various preventive measures can be instituted once COS has begun, including cancelling the cycle, coasting, individualizing the human chorionic gonadotropin trigger dose or using a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist (for those using a GnRH antagonist protocol), the use of intravenous fluids at the time of oocyte retrieval, and cryopreserving/vitrifying all embryos for subsequent transfer in an unstimulated cycle. Some of these techniques have been widely adopted, despite the scarcity of data from randomized clinical trials to support their use.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Fiedler and Ezcurra; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2012