Cell-based cytotoxicity assays for engineered nanomaterials safety screening: exposure of adipose derived stromal cells to titanium dioxide nanoparticles

Journal of Nanobiotechnology

Research

M. Hadjiargyrou¹  Tatsiana Mironava²  Yan Xu²  Miriam Rafailovich² 

[1] Department of Life Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY, USA;Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA;

关键词: Adipose derived stromal cells;    Titanium dioxide;    Cytotoxicity assays;    Nanomaterials safety screening;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12951-017-0285-2

 received in 2017-04-13, accepted in 2017-07-03,  发布年份 2017

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundIncreasing production of nanomaterials requires fast and proper assessment of its potential toxicity. Therefore, there is a need to develop new assays that can be performed in vitro, be cost effective, and allow faster screening of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs).ResultsHerein, we report that titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) can induce damage to adipose derived stromal cells (ADSCs) at concentrations which are rated as safe by standard assays such as measuring proliferation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. Specifically, we demonstrated that low concentrations of TiO2 NPs, at which cellular LDH, ROS, or proliferation profiles were not affected, induced changes in the ADSCs secretory function and differentiation capability. These two functions are essential for ADSCs in wound healing, energy expenditure, and metabolism with serious health implications in vivo.ConclusionsWe demonstrated that cytotoxicity assays based on specialized cell functions exhibit greater sensitivity and reveal damage induced by ENMs that was not otherwise detected by traditional ROS, LDH, and proliferation assays. For proper toxicological assessment of ENMs standard ROS, LDH, and proliferation assays should be combined with assays that investigate cellular functions relevant to the specific cell type.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2017