Effects of 7 days on an ad libitum low-fat vegan diet: the McDougall Program cohort

Nutrition Journal

Research

John S Finnell¹  Bradley Saul²  Gavin Moloney³  John McDougall³  Katelin Mae Petersen³  Craig McDougall⁴  Laurie E Thomas⁵  Kelly Richardson⁶ 

[1] AOMA Graduate School of Integrative Medicine, Austin, TX, USA;Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;Dr. McDougall’s Health and Medical Center, PO Box 14039, 95402, Santa Rosa, CA, USA;Healthy Living Program, Northwest Permanente, Beaverton, OR, USA;Madison, NJ, USA;Richardson Statistical Consulting, Iowa City, IA, USA;

关键词: Low-fat diet;    Vegan diet;    Vegetarian diet;    Hypertension;    Cholesterol;    Hyperlipidemia;    Type 2 diabetes;    Weight loss;    Heart disease;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1475-2891-13-99

 received in 2014-07-07, accepted in 2014-09-24,  发布年份 2014

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundEpidemiologic evidence, reinforced by clinical and laboratory studies, shows that the rich Western diet is the major underlying cause of death and disability (e.g, from cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes) in Western industrialized societies. The objective of this study is to document the effects that eating a low-fat (≤10% of calories), high-carbohydrate (~80% of calories), moderate-sodium, purely plant-based diet ad libitum for 7 days can have on the biomarkers of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.MethodsRetrospective analysis of measurements of weight, blood pressure, blood sugar, and blood lipids and estimation of cardiovascular disease risk at baseline and day 7 from 1615 participants in a 10-day residential dietary intervention program from 2002 to 2011. Wilcoxon’s signed-rank test was used for testing the significance of changes from baseline.ResultsThe median (interquartile range, IQR) weight loss was 1.4 (1.8) kg (p < .001). The median (IQR) decrease in total cholesterol was 22 (29) mg/dL (p < .001). Even though most antihypertensive and antihyperglycemic medications were reduced or discontinued at baseline, systolic blood pressure decreased by a median (IQR) of 8 (18) mm Hg (p < .001), diastolic blood pressure by a median (IQR) of 4 (10) mm Hg (p < .001), and blood glucose by a median (IQR) of 3 (11) mg/dL (p < .001). For patients whose risk of a cardiovascular event within 10 years was >7.5% at baseline, the risk dropped to 5.5% (>27%) at day 7 (p < .001).ConclusionsA low-fat, starch-based, vegan diet eaten ad libitum for 7 days results in significant favorable changes in commonly tested biomarkers that are used to predict future risks for cardiovascular disease and metabolic diseases.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© McDougall et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014